Geology Study Guide (Cornell Notes)
1. Rock that forms from molten material is ……… rock. (Igneous)
2. Rock that forms from erosion and deposition is ……… rock. (Sedimentary)
3. A river eroding rock into sand may help to produce …… rocks. (Sedimentary)
4. When an existing rock is changed by heat and pressure it becomes….. (Metamorphic Rock)
5. Melting, erosion, deposition, heat, and pressure are the process of the…. (Rock Cycle)
6. A series of processes on and beneath Earth’s surface that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another is the …… (Rock Cycle)
7. A rock’s age compared to other rocks is its ….. (Relative Age)
Absolute age is shown in the picture by the .... (Age Numbers)
Relative age is shown by the …. (Rock Layers)
Superposition is shown in the picture by the … (Arrows point up and down)
8. The number of years since a rock formed is its …. (Absolute age)
9. Index fossils are useful because they tell the relative ages of the rock layers in which they occur.
10a. Some elements break down or decay releasing particles and energy in a process called ……. (Radioactive decay)
10b. During the process of radioactive decay, the atoms of one element breakdown to form atoms of another element.
10c. The half-life of a radioactive element is the time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms to decay.
11. Comparing the ratio of radioactive atoms to daughter atoms to determine the age of a rock is called….. (Radioactive dating)
12. Radioactive dating may determine a rock’s absolute age.
13. Some scientist think life began before 3 billion years ago due to radioactive dating of stromatolite fossils.
14. Inferred from moon rocks, scientists assume the Earth is 4.6 billion years old.
15. The theory that the pieces of the Earth’s outer layer are in constant motion is called…. (Plate Tectonics)
16. The location of the continents has changed because of the movement of the Earth’s plates.
17. Knowing the average speed of the Earth’s plates allows inferences to be made about their past and future.
18. The processes occurring on Earth today are similar to those that occurred in the past. This is called…. (Uniformitarianism)
19. The geologic processes occurring on Earth have made large cumulative effects over long periods of time.
1. Rock that forms from molten material is ……… rock. (Igneous)
2. Rock that forms from erosion and deposition is ……… rock. (Sedimentary)
3. A river eroding rock into sand may help to produce …… rocks. (Sedimentary)
4. When an existing rock is changed by heat and pressure it becomes….. (Metamorphic Rock)
5. Melting, erosion, deposition, heat, and pressure are the process of the…. (Rock Cycle)
6. A series of processes on and beneath Earth’s surface that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another is the …… (Rock Cycle)
7. A rock’s age compared to other rocks is its ….. (Relative Age)
Absolute age is shown in the picture by the .... (Age Numbers)
Relative age is shown by the …. (Rock Layers)
Superposition is shown in the picture by the … (Arrows point up and down)
8. The number of years since a rock formed is its …. (Absolute age)
9. Index fossils are useful because they tell the relative ages of the rock layers in which they occur.
10a. Some elements break down or decay releasing particles and energy in a process called ……. (Radioactive decay)
10b. During the process of radioactive decay, the atoms of one element breakdown to form atoms of another element.
10c. The half-life of a radioactive element is the time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms to decay.
11. Comparing the ratio of radioactive atoms to daughter atoms to determine the age of a rock is called….. (Radioactive dating)
12. Radioactive dating may determine a rock’s absolute age.
13. Some scientist think life began before 3 billion years ago due to radioactive dating of stromatolite fossils.
14. Inferred from moon rocks, scientists assume the Earth is 4.6 billion years old.
15. The theory that the pieces of the Earth’s outer layer are in constant motion is called…. (Plate Tectonics)
16. The location of the continents has changed because of the movement of the Earth’s plates.
17. Knowing the average speed of the Earth’s plates allows inferences to be made about their past and future.
18. The processes occurring on Earth today are similar to those that occurred in the past. This is called…. (Uniformitarianism)
19. The geologic processes occurring on Earth have made large cumulative effects over long periods of time.
Pictures and the notes: